Anuradhapura, the first capital of ancient Sri Lanka, stands as one of the most significant archaeological and spiritual destinations in South Asia. This UNESCO World Heritage Site offers visitors a remarkable journey through over 2,000 years of history, featuring magnificent stupas, ancient monasteries, and sacred Buddhist sites. Whether you're a history enthusiast, spiritual seeker, or cultural explorer, the places to visit in Anuradhapura will leave you mesmerized by their grandeur and historical significance.
Located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura served as the island's capital for over 1,300 years, from the 4th century BC to the 11th century AD. Today, it remains one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Buddhists worldwide and offers travelers an unparalleled glimpse into ancient Sinhalese civilization. The sacred city is divided into two main areas: the ancient Sacred City and the modern town, both offering unique experiences for visitors.
Top 8 Places to Visit in Anuradhapura
Discover the most spectacular archaeological wonders and sacred sites that define Anuradhapura's ancient grandeur. These carefully selected destinations showcase the best of Sri Lanka's first capital, each offering unique insights into the island's rich Buddhist heritage and architectural mastery.
| Site Name | Historical Period | Key Features | Best Visit Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sri Maha Bodhi Tree | 288 BC | Sacred tree, Golden railings | Early morning (6-8 AM) |
| Ruwanwelisaya Stupa | 2nd century BC | 103m height, White dome | Morning or evening |
| Jetavanaramaya Stupa | 3rd century AD | 122m height, Brick structure | Afternoon visits ideal |
| Abhayagiri Monastery | 1st century BC | Stone carvings, Samadhi Buddha | Full day exploration |
| Thuparamaya Temple | 3rd century BC | First stupa, Buddha's relic | Morning prayers time |
| Isurumuniya Rock Temple | 3rd century BC | Rock carvings, Lovers sculpture | Late afternoon |
| Mirisawetiya Stupa | 2nd century BC | 60m height, Legend of scepter | Any time of day |
| Lankarama Stupa | 1st century BC | Stone pillars, Unique design | Evening photography |
1. Sri Maha Bodhi Tree
The Sri Maha Bodhi Tree stands as the most sacred site among all places to visit in Anuradhapura. This revered tree is believed to be grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree under which Lord Buddha attained enlightenment in India. Planted in 288 BC by Sanghamitta Theri, it represents the oldest historically documented tree in the world.
Pilgrims from across the globe visit this sacred site to offer prayers, flowers, and light oil lamps. The tree is surrounded by golden railings and maintained by devoted monks. The peaceful atmosphere and spiritual energy make it an essential stop for anyone exploring places to visit in and around Anuradhapura.
Visitor Information:
- Entry Fee: Included in Sacred City ticket
- Dress Code: White clothing preferred, modest attire mandatory
- Photography: Allowed in designated areas only
- Special Note: Remove shoes before entering the inner courtyard
Tips for Visitors:
- Visit during early morning (6-8 AM) for the most peaceful experience
- Bring lotus flowers or white flowers as offerings
- Maintain silence and respect while inside the premises
- Join the evening puja ceremony for a spiritual experience
2. Ruwanwelisaya Stupa
Ruwanwelisaya, also known as the Great Stupa, ranks among the most magnificent places to visit in Anuradhapura. Built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BC, this massive white dome reaches a height of 103 meters and has a circumference of 290 meters. The stupa is considered one of the finest examples of ancient Sinhalese architecture.
The structure underwent extensive restoration in the 20th century and now gleams brilliantly white against the blue sky. Four beautiful entrances mark the cardinal directions, each guarded by elaborate stone elephants. The stupa houses sacred relics of Lord Buddha and serves as an active place of worship.
Visitor Information:
- Opening Hours: 5:00 AM - 8:00 PM daily
- Best Photography: Golden hour (evening) for stunning shots
- Accessibility: Wheelchair accessible main pathways
- Facilities: Rest areas and drinking water available
Tips for Visitors:
- Walk clockwise around the stupa following Buddhist tradition
- Evening visits offer cooler temperatures and beautiful lighting
- Explore all four entrance gates to see different elephant sculptures
- Climb the nearby viewing platform for panoramic photos
3. Jetavanaramaya Stupa
Standing tall at 122 meters, Jetavanaramaya once held the title of the world's tallest stupa and remains one of the most impressive places to visit in Anuradhapura. Built in the 3rd century AD by King Mahasena, this massive brick structure showcases the engineering prowess of ancient Sri Lankan craftsmen.
Though partially ruined today, Jetavanaramaya still commands respect and awe from visitors. Archaeological excavations have revealed numerous artifacts, including beautiful stone carvings and ancient pottery. The monastery complex surrounding the stupa once housed thousands of monks, making it one of the largest monastic institutions in the ancient world.
Visitor Information:
- Height: 122 meters (originally taller than many modern buildings)
- Construction Material: Over 93 million bricks used
- Archaeological Significance: Ongoing excavations reveal new discoveries
- Viewing Distance: Best viewed from 100-200 meters away for full perspective
Tips for Visitors:
- Afternoon visits provide excellent lighting for photography
- Explore the surrounding ruins of ancient monastery buildings
- Visit the nearby museum to see artifacts found during excavations
- Bring sun protection as there's limited shade around the site
4. Abhayagiri Monastery Complex
The Abhayagiri Monastery Complex represents one of the most significant places to visit in Anuradhapura for understanding ancient Buddhist monastic life. Founded in the 1st century BC, this vast complex once accommodated over 5,000 monks and included libraries, hospitals, and teaching halls.
The centerpiece Abhayagiri Stupa reaches 75 meters in height and was built over several centuries by different kings. The complex features remarkable stone carvings, including the famous Samadhi Buddha statue and intricate guard stones. Visitors can explore the ruins of ancient buildings, meditation halls, and the impressive stone-carved moonstone at the entrance.
Visitor Information:
- Complex Size: Covers over 500 acres of archaeological ruins
- Key Attractions: Samadhi Buddha statue, Ancient moonstone, Guard stones
- Walking Distance: 2-3 hours needed for complete exploration
- Facilities: Information center and rest areas available
Tips for Visitors:
- Start early morning to avoid heat and explore the entire complex
- Don't miss the Samadhi Buddha statue for meditation and photography
- Wear comfortable walking shoes as there's extensive ground to cover
- Hire a local guide to understand the significance of various ruins
5. Thuparamaya Temple
As the first stupa built in Sri Lanka, Thuparamaya holds special significance among places to visit in Anuradhapura. Constructed in the 3rd century BC by King Devanampiya Tissa, this sacred site houses the collarbone relic of Lord Buddha, making it one of the holiest Buddhist sites on the island.
The original stupa was much smaller than its current form, having undergone several renovations throughout history. The temple features a unique circular arrangement of stone pillars that once supported a wooden roof, creating a distinctive architectural style. The peaceful environment and historical importance make it a must-visit destination for spiritual seekers.
Visitor Information:
- Relic Significance: Contains Buddha's collarbone relic
- Architectural Style: Unique circular stone pillar arrangement
- Religious Status: Active temple with daily prayers
- Photography: Respectful photography allowed in outer areas
Tips for Visitors:
- Join morning prayer sessions (around 6:30 AM) for spiritual experience
- Observe the unique architectural design of circular stone columns
- Maintain respectful silence during active worship times
- Learn about the relic's journey from India to Sri Lanka from temple monks
6. Isurumuniya Rock Temple
Isurumuniya Rock Temple stands out among places to visit in and around Anuradhapura for its unique rock-carved architecture and artistic heritage. Built in the 3rd century BC, this temple complex is famous for its exquisite stone carvings, including the renowned "Isurumuniya Lovers" sculpture.
The temple is built into a large granite rock formation and features ancient caves used by monks for meditation. The artificial pond in front of the temple adds to its serene atmosphere. The temple museum houses a collection of ancient sculptures and artifacts that provide insight into the artistic achievements of ancient Sri Lankan craftsmen.
Visitor Information:
- Famous Attraction: "Isurumuniya Lovers" stone carving
- Museum: Houses ancient sculptures and artifacts
- Architecture: Built into natural granite rock formation
- Pond: Artificial pond adds to scenic beauty
Tips for Visitors:
- Visit late afternoon for best lighting on stone carvings
- Explore the museum to see rare ancient artifacts
- Take photos by the scenic pond for memorable shots
- Climb to the top of the rock for panoramic views of surroundings
7. Mirisawetiya Stupa
Mirisawetiya Stupa represents another significant addition to places to visit in Anuradhapura, built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BC. According to legend, the king built this stupa after his scepter got stuck in the ground at this location, which he interpreted as a divine sign.
The stupa stands 60 meters tall and features beautiful stone carvings and architectural details. The surrounding area includes ruins of ancient monasteries and meditation halls. Recent restoration work has returned much of the stupa's original grandeur, making it an impressive sight for modern visitors.
Visitor Information:
- Height: 60 meters with restored white dome
- Legend: Built where King Dutugemunu's scepter stuck in ground
- Surroundings: Ancient monastery ruins and meditation halls
- Restoration: Recently restored to original grandeur
Tips for Visitors:
- Learn about the fascinating legend behind the stupa's construction
- Explore the surrounding monastery ruins for archaeological insights
- Visit any time of day as the site is less crowded than major stupas
- Combine with nearby Ruwanwelisaya for efficient sightseeing
8. Lankarama Stupa
Completing our list of essential places to visit in Anuradhapura, Lankarama Stupa showcases the evolution of stupa architecture in ancient Sri Lanka. Built in the 1st century BC by King Valagamba, this stupa features a unique design with stone pillars surrounding the main dome.
The circular arrangement of granite columns once supported a wooden roof, creating a covered walkway around the stupa. This architectural innovation influenced later temple designs throughout Sri Lanka. The site offers visitors a peaceful environment for contemplation and photography.
Visitor Information:
- Unique Feature: Circular stone pillars around the main dome
- Architectural Innovation: Covered walkway design influenced later temples
- Built By: King Valagamba in 1st century BC
- Atmosphere: Peaceful setting ideal for meditation
Tips for Visitors:
- Evening visits provide excellent photography opportunities with golden light
- Study the unique architectural design that influenced later Sri Lankan temples
- Use the peaceful atmosphere for quiet contemplation and meditation
- Compare the design with other stupas to understand architectural evolution
Exploring Places to Visit in and Around Anuradhapura
Beyond the main archaeological sites, places to visit in and around Anuradhapura include several other attractions worth exploring. The Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum provides comprehensive insights into the city's history through well-preserved artifacts, sculptures, and models of ancient buildings.
The nearby Mihintale, located about 13 kilometers from Anuradhapura, holds special significance as the birthplace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. This sacred mountain features ancient monasteries, stupas, and caves where Arahat Mahinda first preached Buddhism to King Devanampiya Tissa.
For nature enthusiasts, the Wilpattu National Park, Sri Lanka's largest national park, lies within easy reach of Anuradhapura. This pristine wilderness offers excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing, including leopards, elephants, and numerous bird species.
Best Time to Visit and Travel Tips
The ideal time to explore places to visit in Anuradhapura is during the dry season from May to September, when weather conditions are most favorable for sightseeing. Early morning visits are recommended to avoid crowds and heat, especially at popular sites like the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree.
Visitors should dress modestly when visiting religious sites, covering shoulders and knees. Removing shoes before entering temple premises is mandatory. Many of the 8 places to visit in Anuradhapura require considerable walking, so comfortable footwear is essential.
For a comprehensive experience, consider staying overnight in Anuradhapura to explore all major sites without rushing. The city offers various accommodation options, from budget guesthouses to luxury resorts, catering to different preferences and budgets.
Cultural Significance and Preservation Efforts
The places to visit in Anuradhapura represent more than just tourist attractions; they embody the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka. These ancient sites continue to serve as active places of worship, maintaining their original purpose after more than two millennia.
Ongoing conservation efforts by the Sri Lankan government and UNESCO ensure these irreplaceable monuments remain preserved for future generations. Visitors contribute to these preservation efforts through entrance fees and responsible tourism practices.
Sri Lanka's Cultural Triangle, which includes Anuradhapura along with things to do in Dambulla and Polonnaruwa, offers travelers an comprehensive journey through the island's ancient civilization. This makes Anuradhapura an essential component of any comprehensive places to visit in Sri Lanka.
Planning Your Anuradhapura Adventure
When planning your visit to places to visit in Anuradhapura, consider combining your trip with other notable destinations in Sri Lanka. The coastal town of places to visit in Bentota offers beautiful beaches and water sports, providing a perfect contrast to the ancient ruins of Anuradhapura.
Many travelers choose comprehensive Sri Lanka tour packages from Mumbai that include multiple destinations, ensuring they experience the diverse attractions Sri Lanka has to offer. These packages often provide expert guides who can share detailed historical and cultural insights about each site.
Transportation within Anuradhapura is available through tuk-tuks, bicycles, or guided tours. Renting a bicycle provides an eco-friendly way to explore the archaeological sites while enjoying the peaceful rural surroundings.
Conclusion
The places to visit in Anuradhapura offer an extraordinary journey through one of Asia's most significant ancient civilizations. From the sacred Sri Maha Bodhi Tree to the magnificent stupas that pierce the sky, each site tells a unique story of faith, artistry, and human achievement. These 8 places to visit in Anuradhapura represent just the beginning of what this remarkable ancient capital has to offer.
The enduring appeal of places to visit in and around Anuradhapura lies not only in their historical significance but also in their continued spiritual relevance. As active pilgrimage sites, these ancient monuments bridge the gap between past and present, offering visitors a profound connection to Sri Lanka's Buddhist heritage. Whether you're seeking spiritual enlightenment, historical knowledge, or simply marveling at ancient architectural achievements, Anuradhapura provides an unforgettable experience that will enrich your understanding of South Asian civilization.
If you're planning to explore Sri Lanka's Cultural Triangle and need expert guidance for your adventure, contact Frenzy Holidays at their Mumbai office. Their travel specialists can design a personalized itinerary that includes all the must-see attractions of Anuradhapura and beyond. For inquiries or to book your Sri Lanka getaway, visit them at Frenzy Holidays, Haware Centurion, S07/34, Nerul East, Sector 19A, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400706 or call +91 7400453140.
Places to Visit in Anuradhapura- FAQs
What are the main places to visit in Anuradhapura?
The main attractions include Sri Maha Bodhi Tree, Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, Jetavanaramaya, Abhayagiri Monastery, and Thuparamaya Temple.
How many days are needed to visit all places in Anuradhapura?
A minimum of 2-3 days is recommended to properly explore all major places to visit in Anuradhapura without rushing.
What is the best time to visit places in Anuradhapura?
The dry season from May to September offers the most favorable weather conditions for exploring these ancient sites.
Are there entry fees for places to visit in Anuradhapura?
Yes, foreign visitors need to purchase tickets for the Sacred City, which covers access to most major archaeological sites.
Can I visit all 8 places to visit in Anuradhapura in one day?
While possible, it's better to spread visits over 2 days to fully appreciate each site's historical and spiritual significance.
What should I wear when visiting religious places in Anuradhapura?
Modest clothing covering shoulders and knees is required, and shoes must be removed before entering temple premises.
Are guided tours available for places to visit in and around Anuradhapura?
Yes, local guides and organized tours are available to provide detailed historical and cultural insights about each site.
How far is Anuradhapura from Colombo?
Anuradhapura is approximately 205 kilometers from Colombo, accessible by bus, train, or private vehicle in about 4-5 hours.
What are some places to visit in and around Anuradhapura besides the main sites?
Nearby attractions include Mihintale, Aukana Buddha Statue, and Wilpattu National Park for wildlife enthusiasts.
Is photography allowed at places to visit in Anuradhapura?
Photography is generally permitted at most sites, but flash photography may be restricted in certain temple areas.
